A typical type of standard cement pile bridge used by the Arizona Highway Department where conditions permit use of piling.
A typical type of standard cement pile bridge used by the Arizona Highway Department where conditions permit use of piling.
BY: R. A. HOFFMAN

Bridge Department Designs All Structures R. A. HOFFMAN Bridge Engineer

The activities of the bridge department cover a wide diversity of design and preparation of plans for all bridges, culverts, river protection, and in fact all structures built by the Arizona highway department.

Bridges

The major portion of the work of the department is, of course, design of highway bridges. This work is much of a sameness from year to year with a few special designs to break tho monotony of standard design work.

The policy of this department in the past three years has been to work as many of the plans, as possible, into standard designs, so that the same plan may be used on other projects where such a plan might economically fit the location. This practice has eliminated much duplication of work in the office.

Plans have been furnished for bridges and other structures on fifty-three Federal Aid projects during the past fiscal year. Fourteen of these projects have been completed and twenty-five are under construction at the present writing. Fourteen projects are completed and waiting to be put into construction. These latter fourteen projects have been delayed for the past year to be carried over.

Special Bridges

Included in the fifty-three projects are a total of eighty-three bridges over twenty feet in length. The total length of bridges is 10,532 feet of which 7610 linear feet or seventy-two bridges were built from standard plans. Only eleven bridges, involving a total length of 2,922 linear feet, required special design.

These structures include types using the three major bridge materials: timber, structural steel, and reinforced concrete of redwood or treated timber. All timber piling used is of the full cell creosote fir or southern pine.

Many of our recent bridge structures have been of the concrete pile trestle type. This has proven to be a very economical type where foundation conditions permit.

It has been found that, owing to the cost of treated timber in this vicinity there is very little additional cost of a concrete pile trestle over that of a timber pile trestle. The difference in cost is so small in fact that when the cost of maintenance of floor covering and the fire hazard are taken into consideration the result is in favor of the concrete type.

Standard Plans

By far the largest portion of our bridges are of reinforced concrete. Steel is used in the longer spans and where concrete materials are scarce. Timber is rarely used-the policy of the department being to construct of the more permanent types of steel and concrete. The use of timber is confined to locations where the nature of the road or the stream indicates a possibility of a relocation or extension in the near future. Creosote treated timber or redwood is used in all except the most temporary structure of timber and even in these all materials in the ground or in contact with earth is Standard plans, however, do not fit every condition and their use can be car-ried to such an extreme as to be inadequate with a resulting loss in efficiency cost in maintenance.

Each project and each bridge location is studied by the department with the view of fitting the stream crossing to the best advantage and with the most economical structure, whether it be standard or special plans.

A total of 143 sheets of standard plans are on hand in standard size sheets-- ready to be inserted in any project plan. These include abutments, slab decks, girder decks, and a long list of culverts varying in size from a three-foot span to ten-foot span and in multiples from two span to six span in the ten-foot series. In the eight and ten foot series each plan carries six sizes varying from an eight by three to ten by eight which if each of these were counted in the number of standard plans would more than double the total number of plans available.

Practically every set of project plans carry several of these standard plans and many are used several times on the same project. It would be difficult to estimate the number of times any one standard is used in the course of a year's work. As an example, however, there were 197 culverts of the ten-foot series, from one span to six span used, on the fifty-three projects designed in the past year, showing that, on an average, each plan was used thirty-three times in the year. The multiple span ten foot series was

Replacement of Dips STATE PROJECTS UNDER CONSTRUCTION DISTRICT NO. 1

Geo. H. Shaffer, District Engineer Martter & Bock have the grading and draining of 4½ miles (F. A. P. 80-E.), which begins two miles west of Hackberry and extends two miles east of Hackberry, 92 per cent complete, James A. Parker, resident engineer.

Schmidt & Hitchcock have the oil surfacing of 17.8 miles beginning at the Coconino-Yavapai county line and extending west (F. A. P. 57, 80-C, 89-B) and 4.3 miles Ash Fork south (F. A. P. 62-A), 72 per cent complete. Floyd J. Gughly, resident engineer.

Matter & Bock have the grading, draining and sub-grade stabilizer on nine miles, beginning at Crookton and extending west to Seligman (F. A. P. 80-B), 10 per cent complete, Floyd Beeghly, resident engineer.

Canion & Francis have the grading, draining and placing of subgrade stabilizer of 5.7 miles of the WickenburgBlythe road (F. A. P. 98-B), which begins at 14 miles east of Aguila and extends towards Wickenburg, 19 per cent complete, Barney R. Hodgins, resident engineer.

V. R. Dennis Construction Co. has the construction on grading, draining and placing of subgrade stabilizer, mineral aggregate and oil surfacing, 14½ miles, which begins 1½ miles east of Quartzsite and extends east toward Salome, 1 per cent complete (F. L. H. P. 1-A) Percy Jones, resident engineer.

Lee Moor Construction Co. has the construction of 7.2 miles grading, draining, surfacing and oil processing (F. L. H. P. 1-C) beginning near Gonzales Well and extending towards Quartzsite, 3 per cent complete, Percy Jones, resident engineer.

Ralph Pleasant has Sections E. and F. of F. A. 98, 24 miles grading and draining, beginning 16 miles east of Quartzsite and extending east, 1 per cent complete, Barney Hodgins, resident engineer.

Leo H. Oswald has the construction of F. A. 59 1 Reo., which consists of grading, draining and placing of subgrade stabilizer and oil processing 10.3 miles, 24 per cent complete, Geo. Lang, resident engineer.

DISTRICT NO. 2

F. N. Grant, District Engineer Everly & Allison have the oil processing of 22½ miles (F. A. 83-A), Sanders to Lupton, 58 per cent complete, H. Pinney, resident engineer.

H. L. Royden has the construction of 5½ miles on U. S. Route 70, beginning at Holbrook and extending east (F. A. No. 78-F) 73 per cent complete, J. P. Flynn, resident engineer.

O. F. Fisher has the grading, draining and surfacing of 7.8 miles beginning 1 mile east of Williams and extending east to Pitman valley (F. A. 89-D) 1 per cent complete, W. T. Halloran, resident engineer.

Packard, Tanner and Morse have the grading, draining and surfacing of 9 miles, beginning at Pitman valley and extending toward Flagstaff, (F. A. 89-E), 26 per cent complete, R. C. Bond, resident engineer.

Veater & Davis have the construction of F. A. 95-B (Cameron to Bridge, 40 miles on U. S. Route 89) 50 per cent complete, H. D. Alexander, resident engineer.

W. E. Callahan Construction Co. has been awarded a contract for the oil surfacing of 11 miles of the Holbrook-Winslow Highway, beginning at Winslow and extending east (F. A. Project 40 B. & C.) M. Kisselberg, resident engineer.

DISTRICT NO. 3

R. C. Perkins, District Engineer R. H. Martin has the construction of the approaches to the Tempe bridge F. A. Project 2-B, 83 per cent complete, Gus Rath, resident engineer.

Western Gunite Co. has the surfacing and oiling of 30 miles (F. A. 23 A. & B. and 23-C, D. & F.) from Florence to Superior, 30 per cent complete, A. W. Newhall, resident engineer.

Lee Moor Construction Co. has the grading, draining and placing of subgrade stabilizer on 5 miles beginning at Geronimo and extending west (F. A. 15-D), 24 per cent complete, L. C. Bolles, resident engineer.

O. F. Fisher has the construction of ¼ mile, Coolidge Dam west (F. A. 98-4), 90 per cent complete, M. Kisselberg, resident engineer.

Skeels & Graham have the surfacing and oiling of 14.6 miles, beginning east of Solomonville and extending east (F. A. 77-Reo.), 85 per cent complete, D. M. Thompson, resident engineer.

Chas. Willis & Sons, Inc. have the construction of 10.8 miles of the GlobeShowlow Highway, beginning ½ mile east of Globe and extending N. E. (F. A. 99-B) 4 per cent complete, Carl Brannen, resident engineer.

Lee Moor Contracting Co. has the grading, draining and sub-surfacing of 11½ miles of the Globe-Showlow road, beginning at the Salt River and extending south (F. A. 99-A), 1 per cent complete, E. A. Bickley, resident engineer.

Martin Brothers Trucking Co. have the oil surfacing of 6½ miles, beginning at Duncan and extending to the New Mexico state line (F. A. 88-C), 28 per cent complete, D. M. Thompson, resident engineer.

Robert McKee has the grading and draining of 13.7 miles (F. A. 87-E), Geronimo East, 67 per cent complete, L. C. Bolles, resident engineer.

DISTRICT NO. 4

W. R. Hutchins, District Engineer William Peper has the construction of 10 miles, which begins approximately 22½ miles south of Tucson and extends south to the county line, approximately 96 per cent complete, J. R. Van Horn, resident engineer.

Packard & Tanner have the construction of 7.6 miles beginning 1 mile east of St. David and extending east (F. A. Project 79-E), 89 per cent complete, W. J. Tavennor, resident engineer.

Heitsch & Bitten have the oil surfacing of approximately 17 miles, beginning at the end of the pavement three miles north of Nogales and extending north (F. A. 86-C, 86-E, Non. 25-A and 66), 100 per cent complete, C. S. Benson, resident engineer.

Hodgman and Mac Vicar have the grading, draining and surfacing of 10 miles, beginning at Florence and extend-ing to Coolidge (F. A. 94-B), 83 per cent complete, Joe de Arozena, resident en-gineer.

Stanley Jaicks Co. has construction on 9.2 miles extending south from the PimaSanta Cruz county line (F. A. Projects 25-B and 86-D), 20 per cent complete, Sid Smyth, resident engineer.

Ralph Pleasant has construction on the oil processing of 8.3 miles beginning at the Pima-Pinal county line and extending south (F. A. 94-E), 7 per cent complete, C. S. Benson, resident engineer.

Skeels & Graham have the grading, draining and placing sub-surfacing, mineral aggregate and oil processing on 13 miles, beginning at the south end of Sacaton bridge and extending S. E. (F. A. 97-B), and placing mineral aggregate and oil processing (F. A. 97-C), begins at the north end of the Sacaton bridge and extends northwest five miles, and surfacing and oiling 2 miles Coolidge(Turn to Page Twenty-eight)

Page Eighteen ARIZONA HIGHWAYS JULY, 1931 Commission Adopts Budget For Fiscal Year

The Arizona State Highway commission met in regular session in their offices in the Highway Building at 10:05 A. M., June 1. Those present were: Chairman Addams, Vice-Chairman Hart, Members Barth, Mansfield and Trengove, also State Engineer and Secretary.

Mr. C. L. Suggs appeared before the Commission concerning the establishment of crossing Highway U. S. 80 with a spur track near Douglas to the South-western Manufacturing and Construction Company's plant. Upon being questioned, the State Engineer stated that unless the highway can be crossed on a tangent, he would not recommend the crossing. Commissioner Mansfield stated he was against establishing a custom of grade crossings on the highway. Commissioner Hart stated he had not been able to work out a satisfactory arrangement other than submitted in previous reports. At the request of Chairman Addams, Mr. Wagnon, the Right of Way Agent, was called in and questioned as to former proceedings in this case. Mr. Wagnon stated it had been mutually agreed by the State Engineer Lane that this spur was to go across the highway, provided, it would go through on a tangent and the Depart ment would trade Mr. Suggs a piece of land to compensate him for the land they were depriving him of. Mr. O'Connell, State Engineer, stated he would like the Commission to go on record, that the Department would pay for its right of ways as they go along. Chairman Addams stated that about this trading and promising, he wanted to say he was not in favor of it.

Commissioner Addams suggested, "In order to get action, let Mr. Hart and the State Engineer take this up with Cochise county and report back at the next meeting on the 15th? There is some means to work this out in order not to work a hardship on Mr. Suggs and, at the same time, we will not have to spend $30,000.00 for overhead crossings at some future date." This suggestion was agreed upon by the Commission.

It was recommended by the State Engineer that the contract on the Blythe-Wickenburg highway F. A. P. 98-F, be awarded to the low bidder, Ralph Pleasant. Chairman Addams asked Vice-Chairman Hart to take the chair. The low bidder, Ralph Pleasant, was questioned by Commissioner Addams concerning several items in his financial statement that had been furnished the Department some time previous. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Bart and carried, that the contract not be awarded until further investigation.

State Engineer recommended that contract on the Globe-Showlow Highway, F. A. P. No. 99-A, be awarded to the low bidder, Lee Moor Contracting Company, Two Republics Building, El Paso, Texas, stating they had qualified and were responsible bidders. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Mansfield, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and unanimously carried that the recommendation of the State Engineer be approved, and the contract on the Globe-Showlow Highway, F. A. P. No. 99-A, be awarded to the low bidder, Lee Moor Contracting Company, El Paso, Texas, in the amount of $389,896.86.

A petition presented to the commission, signed by the Citizens of Pinal county, regarding the old Casa Grande-Gila Bend road was read to the Commission. On the motion of Commissioner Addams, Vice-Chairman Hart being in the chair, seconded by Commissioner Trengove, and carried, Commissioner Mansfield voting "No", the State Engineer was instructed to get a report in detail regarding the status of that road for the meeting of the Commission on June 15th.

Chairman Addams stated Mr. Hatcher had investigated the financial statement and called up the Bank and reported they would vouch for Mr. Pleasant. On the recommendation of the State Engineer, it was regularly moved by Com-missioner Mansfield, seconded by Com-missioner Hart and unanimously carried that the contract on the Blythe-Wick-enburg Highway, F. A. P. No. 98-F, be awarded to the low bidder, Ralph Pleas-ant, Phoenix, in the amount of $144,-151.10.

State Engineer recommended that contract on the Blythe-Wickenburg Highway, F. A. P. 98-E, be awarded to the low bidder, Ralph Pleasant, Phoenix, stating he had qualified and was a re-sponsible bidder. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Mansfield, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and unanimously carried that the recommendation of the State Engineer be approved and the contract on the Blythe-Wickenburg Highway, F. A. P. No. 98-E, be awarded to the low bidder, Ralph Pleasant, Phoenix, in the amount of $83,247.34.

A communication from the Secretary of Graham County chamber of commerce regarding item of $140,000 for reconstruction and change of road, was ordered placed on file.

Communication was read from the Tucson Trades Council urging the oiling of the Casa Grande-Gila Bend Highway.

Commissioner Hart made a motion that the Highway Department request contractors pay a minimum wage of $8.00 a day for skilled labor in future con-tracts. Commissioner Trengove pointed out that this could not be done without the sanction of the Federal Bureau of Public Roads. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Mansfield and unanimously carried that the State Engineer com-municate with the Federal Authorities in connection with the establishment in future contracts of a minimum wage for skilled mechanics similar to that of day laborers.

A letter was read by the Secretary from the Arizona Good Roads Association inviting the Commissioners to attend the meeting of the Association to be held in Prescott, June 13th. It was the expression of all the Commissioners they would attend the meeting.

The dedication of the new Tempe Bridge on July 4th was discussed by the Commission. Chairman Addams requested Vice-Chairman Hart to take the chair and stated he believed the Commission should ask the Governor to be Master of Ceremonies and render the address. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Mansfield, and unanimously carried that the Secretary write a letter to the Governor asking if he would make a talk or participate in the dedication of the bridge.

A letter was read from the Governor concerning the placing of signs marking Historic and Scenic spots in the State. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Mansfield and carried, that the Highway Department's Maintenance Crews would co(Turn to Page Twenty)

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ARIZONA HIGHWAYS

to operate in the placing of these Historic Markers, but the signs must be placed off the right of way of the State.

Chairman Addams asked Vice-Chairman Hart to take the chair. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the Commissioners sign their own payrolls.

It was regularly moved, seconded and carried that the Commission adjourn at 11:45 Α. Μ., to meet in special session June 15, 1931, at 10:00 Α. Μ.

Meeting June 15

The commission met June 15 in regular session, as provided by law, for the public hearing on the tentative budget for the Twentieth Fiscal Year. Those present were Chairman Addams, Vice-Chairman Hart, Commissioners Barth and Trengove. The meeting was called to order at 10:01 A. M. Commissioner Mansfield arrived at 10:25 Α. Μ.

On the motion of Commissioner Trengove, seconded by Commissioner Barth, the Minutes of the meeting of the Commission on June 1 were approved.

Mr. Grieg Scott, attorney, acting as spokesman for a delegation from Mobile, Arizona, reviewed the fact that in 1927 the Legislature appropriated $150,000 to improve the road between Casa Grande and Gila Bend. Mr. Scott reviewed the expenditure of this $150,000 by the High-way Department, claiming all but $14,000 of the fund had been spent improperly on the new Casa Grande-Gila Bend road leaving the community of Mobile on the old Gila Bend-Casa Grande road without a good highway to their surrounding lands and urging the Highway Commission to give the citizens of this district consideration in the budget for the Twentieth Fiscal Year. Mr. R. W. Con-don of Gila Bend stated he had tried to get the Supervisors to improve the road, that such a road was needed badly and would increase the trading and development of that section.

A delegation from Superior was present. Mr. William Koerner stated he was present to protest against the road change in Superior provided for in the Tentative Budget from the South side to the North side of Queen Creek. Speaking for the Magma Copper Company, Mr. Koerner stated the Magma Copper Company was against the road change and wished to advise the Commission they would not grant a right of way over that land. Chairman Addams questioned Mr. Koerner stating, “The road, as it is laid out, I could not approve myself. The money appropriated would not build one-third of the road.

If, however, you would change the main street through town to continue on across the creek, I do not believe you will be damaging any part of the land. The reason this money was appropriated was because you people closed your mine for repairs; this was a relief measure to take care of the unemployed men.” Mr. Koerner stated, “Where the highway should be changed is in the West end of town. You have a dozen curves there that should be eliminated. If you are going to improve the highway, it is in the West part of town that needs it.” Chairman Addams asked Mr. Koerner didn't he think the eliminating of two right angle turns in the Town of Superior would be beneficial to the community. Mr. Koerner stated he did not think so.

Mr. J. R. Mays, Secretary of the Magma Club, also stated he was employed by the Magma Copper Company and presented a petition of Magma Club members protesting on the road change, in that members of the club through the blasting of the over-hanging rocks might ruin the Club. Mr. Mays stated the Club had spent a lot of money in the development of their property and believed the main highway, so close to their property, would interfere with their social activities.

State Senator Hugo B. Farmer appeared as spokesman for a Yuma Delegation. Senator Farmer stated it was his understanding that, in the meeting of the old commission held January 7th, the old commission adopted a tentative budget prior to the passing of the five cents gas tax by the Legislature. Members of the Legislature made inquiry and were advised, he said, that $230,000 of that money would be spent under oiling of the Casa Grande-Gila Bend Highway. “It seems,” Senator Farmer stated, “that the new commission is not carrying out their end of the matter. When we voted for the five cents gas tax, we understood the money would be spent in that way. Before the confirmation of the chairman of the present commission, I talked to him and he stated it was his intention to keep Mr. Lane and carry out the policy of the old commission.” Chairman Addams stated, “I want to differ with you. I stated we would keep Mr. Lane as far as I was concerned. Mr. Lane resigned of his own accord. You are dead wrong in saying I would carry out the policy of the old commission.” Mr. A. N. Kelly, Yuma Chamber of Commerce, called on the Yuma delega-tion to stand and stated these delegateshad appeared to protest against the Ten-tative Budget and urged the inclusion of funds in the budget for the oiling of the Casa Grande-Gila Bend Highway. Mr. A. H. Gardner, Tombstone, filed with the Secretary two petitions which he wished the Secretary to read to the Commission, urging the oiling of the Casa Grande-Gila Bend Highway.

Want Funds Reallocated

Mr. A. T. Kilcrease of Casa Grande appeared as spokesman for the Casa Grande delegation and protested at length the set-up in the Tentative Budget, stating his reason being “that it is an inequitable distribution of the funds.” Mr. Kilcrease called on the Commission to reallocate $25,000, where it was not wanted in Superior, and place it on the Casa Grande-Gila Bend road, to take $90,000 allocated for the widening of East Van Buren Street and place it on that road for the purpose of oiling 10 miles of the Highway West from Casa Grande and 10 miles of the highway East from Gila Bend. Mr. Kil-crease stated he had no desire to take any funds from Yavapai county that he had been there recently and knew “There is some of the roughest and choppiest roads I ever saw.” Mr. Al Condron, Secretary of the Tucson Chamber of Commerce, appeared for Pima County and stated he would like the Commission to reallocate Project 8017, Florence to Tucson, and place this $30,000 on 10 miles of oil surfacing from Casa Grande West on State Highway 94 and 10 miles East from Gila Bend, as proposed by Mr. Kilcrease.

Mr. John H. Rapp, Representative from Pima County, presented petitions containing, he stated, “approximately 5000 names”.

Miss Grace Sparkes, Secretary and Immigration Commissioner of the Yavapai Chamber of Commerce, presented a number of petitions, stating they represented 10,000 names, urging the Commission to adopt the Tentative Budget. Miss Sparkes stated, “There hasn't been a dollar spent in Yavapai County, except in maintenance, outside of what we voted ourselves, since we have had a Commission.” Mr. C. H. Martin of East Van Buren Street, Phoenix, asked to be heard and inquired why Tucson now asked the State to maintain the shortest roads through Arizona.

Mr. Jules Vermeersch of Maricopa County presented petitions urging the Commission to approve the Tentative Budget. Mr. Vermeersch stated, “We feel the people of Tucson have forgotten that they have been getting all thebreaks in the past. This is one time we have an even break. Everybody is going to get theirs. The Highway Commission knows what they are doing and we want to pledge to the Highway Commission our support.

JULY, 1931 ARIZONA HIGHWAYS Page Twenty-one

Mr. H. B. Wilkinson, Maricopa county, speaking for the Phoenix Real Estate Board, stated he had watched the development of roads in Arizona for many years, that the one road which, economically, should have been years ago is the Ehrenberg road, that it will always remain the most important road, economically, for all of Arizona as it is the shortest connection between the heart of Arizona and two million population in Southern California. He stated the paved roads in Arizona, and Maricopa County as a whole, with the exception of a few miles that are on the State Highway System, were paid for by Maricopa County, which were not only paid for, but matched Federal Aid, that of the Federal Aid that came with these roads, $700,000 of it went elsewhere in the State and $150,000 went on the Apache Trail, and he did not begrudge Casa Grande and Yuma the traffic they get across the State, that he did want the roads built that will, economically, develop Arizona. He stated it was his belief that Yuma would benefit more from the building of the Blythe road than she will from the oiling of the Casa Grande, because, Californians would use the Yuma road to make a round trip through the State. He believed the North and South and the middle road should have an equal show and that the Phoenix Real Estate Board is behind the Highway Commission in this effort to keep the middle road construction on a parity with that of the other roads in the State.

Mr. Del Potter of Clifton appeared before the Commission and urged the Commission to ask the Federal Bureau of Roads to include the Coronado Trail in the 7% System.

Budget Is Adopted

All the delegations having been heard, the Commission proceeded with the business of the meeting.

Commissioner Barth made the motion, it was seconded by Commissioner Trengove, that the Commission adopt the Tentative Budget as it was. Commissioner Addams demanded a roll call. On the call of the roll by the Secretary, Mr. Barth voted "Yes", Mr. Hart stated he would hold his vote, Mr. Mansfield voted "No", Mr. Trengove "Yes", and Chairman Addams "Yes." Mr. Hart wasasked if he cared to vote and he stated he passed. Motion carried.

It was regularly moved by Commissioner Barth, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and carried that the Commission recess at 11:50 o'clock to reconvene at 2:00 P. M., same date.

The Commission reconvened at 2:15 P. M. all members present.

Mr. R. F. Goodwin appeared before the Commission in behalf of Navajo County requesting the road from Winslow down Long Valley be taken over as a State Route as far as to join up with the Forest Service road now under construction. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Barth, seconded by Commissioner Hart and unanimously carried that the Commission take this under advisement.

State Engineer recommended that contract on the Safford State Line Highway, E. F. A. 88-C and Non F. A. 13, be awarded to the low bidder, Martin Brothers Trucking Company, Long Beach, California, stating they had qualified and were responsible bidders. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Mansfield, seconded by Commissioner Hart, and unanimously carried, that the recommendation of the State Engineer be approved, and the contract on the Saf-for 30 years has contributed toward the betterment of conditions both commercial and social. And-a feature of durability which cannot be challenged by any other monolithic pavement-scores of WarreniteBithulithic pavements are still in excellent condition even after twenty to thirty years' service.

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Page Twenty-two

ARIZONA HIGHWAYS

JULY, 1931 Ford State Line Highway, E. F. A. 88-C and Non-F. A. 13, be awarded to the low bidder, Martin Brothers Trucking Company, Long Beach, California, in the amount of $21,896.19.

Mr. R. B. Sims, Chairman of the Industrial Commission, and Mr. Bert Clingan of the Industrial Commission appeared before the Highway Commission requesting the Commission to permit the State Engineer to draw warrants against such budget items as were showing a balance for the year to cover Industrial insurance premiums chargeable against those items. After Mr. Clingan had made his plea and general discussion, the Secretary read the opinion of the Attorney General concerning the payment of Industrial insurance premiums not provided for in the 1930-31 budget.

After general discussion and advice from Mr. Riney B. Salmon, Assistant Attorney General, it was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Trengove, and unanimously carried, that the matter be taken under advisement until the meeting of the Commission on Wednesday.

Commissioner Trengove inquired as to the status of the Verde Bridge. He was informed by Chairman Addams the drilling on the site had been completed and the plans for the bridge should be completed in about one week.

Chairman Addams requested Commissioner Hart to take the chair. Commissioner Addams moved that Mr. O'-Connell and Mr. Hart get together and report back to the Commission on Wednesday a definite recommendation for settlement with the Southwestern Manufacturing and Construction Company, Commissioner Trengove seconded the motion and it was unanimously carried. The Commission adjourned at 4:00 P.

M., June 15, 1931, to reconvene at 10:00 A. M., June 17.

Meeting of June 17

The Commission reconvened in regular session at 10:15 A. M., June 17. Those present were: Chairman Addams, Vice-Chairman Hart, Commissioners Barth and Trengove, also State Engineer, Secretary and Mr. Riney B. Salmon, Assistant Attorney General. Commissioner Mansfield was absent. The first order of business to come before the Commission was the letting of contract for the printing of "Arizona Highways." It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that contract for the printing of "Arizona High-ways" monthly for one year be awarded to the Messenger, Phoenix, and the State Engineer was instructed to draw up the contract with the Messenger.

Mr. C. L. Suggs appeared before the Commission. The Secretary read a tentative agreement signed by the South-western Manufacturing and Construction Company by C. L. Suggs, its President. Chairman Addams requested Vice-Chairman Hart to take the chair. Chairman Addams stated he was not for the Ten-tative Agreement as it was indefinite concerning the cost of the culverts necessary to bridge the two ditches mentioned, that, as one of the Commissioners, he would not vote for the culverts but would accept the definite sum of $3,000 as damages. Mr. Suggs stated that to get the matter closed, he would accept the sum of $3,000. On recommendation of the State Engineer it was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the State Engineer and the Attorney General draw up an agreement to pay the Southwestern Manufacturing and Construction Company $3,000 damages, payment in full for all damages sustained, and easement be granted through the property of the Company for right of way for U. S. Highway 80.

A communication was read from Mr. Ira Pirtle, trucking contractor on the Casa Grande-Picacho project under W. D. Matlock, asking permission to board his men at the State Highway camp. Discussion disclosed where the camps were removed from civilization, small forces of contractor's men had been permitted to eat with State forces. In this instance, they were paying 40c a meal. It was the expression of the Commission that the State should not act as a competitor with restaurants or citizens in the feeding of such forces. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the State not allow the emEmployees of Mr. Pirtle to board with State employees.

The Secretary brought up the question that some foremen in the field were sending through raises in salary of employees. Attorney Salmon read from Paragraph 1562, Revised Code of Arizona, that all salary raises are subject to the approval of the Commission. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that department heads take up all salary raises with the commission for approval before making such raises except when it is a promotion from one position to another, in strict conformity to Paragraph 1562, R. С. А.

Refuse Industrial Demand

A communication was read from the Industrial Commission making a protest against the exclusion of past due Industrial premiums in the Twentieth Fiscal Year Budget. The Commission thereupon considered the request of the Industrial Commission to instruct the State Engineer to draw warrants against budget items where there is a balance for the fiscal year for the payment of Industrial premiums against those items. Confirming be disallowed. A roll call was asked for. Commissioner Barth voted "Yes", Commissioner Hart "Yes", Commissioner Trengove "Yes", and Chairman Addams "Yes", motion carried.

The question of insurance on Maintenance Houses was brought before the meeting. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Trengove, and carried that this matter be held over until the next meeting and the State Engineer was instructed to make a report on the advisability of insuring the maintenance houses, and if funds were available for same.

A communication was read from Mr. Fred H. Bixby, Long Beach, Calif., as to a sign in front of his property on the Apache Trail which, Mr. Bixby stated, was not on his property but on the State Highway right of way.

Question of encroaching on right of ways of the State Highway Department was discussed. Attorney Salmon read Section 1573, Revised Code of Arizona, concerning encroachments on the high-way. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commis-sioner Trengove, and carried that there are to be no encroachments on the pub-lic highways and, upon the recommenda-tion of the State Engineer, the Attorney General will take such legal action as necessary for the removal of such en-croachments, and the Engineer in charge is to notify all encroachers to remove said encroachments from the highway and report to the State... Engineer.

Resolutions adopted by the Good Roads Association at their mid-summer meeting at Prescott, June 13, 1931, were read. With reference to resolution No. 1 upon recommendation of the State Engineer,

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It was regularly moved by Commissioner Trengove, seconded by Commissioner Hart, and carried that all duplication of existing State highways be double signed along the portions of those routes where the present designated routes traverse the same highway.

Resolution No. 5, Vice-Chairman Hart in the chair. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Trengove, and carried that the portion of resolution No. 5 pertaining to the use of Arizona Forest products be carried out by the Highway Department. Chairman Addams resumed the chair.

Chairman Addams requested ViceChairman Hart to take the chair.. In connection with Resolution No. 9, Commissioner Addams moved that the Highway Commission go on record as willing to assist, at all times, the Corporation Commission in carrying out duties, as laid down by law, in connection with the Highway Patrol. The motion was seconded by Commissioner Trengove and unanimously carried.

A resolution was read from the Tucson Central Trades Council, concerning working hours in Phoenix and outside shops. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and unanimously carried that outside shops be given the same privilege, if they wish, that the Phoenix Shops have been given in working hours.

It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and unanimously carried that the Commission recess at 12:00 o'clock noon to reconvene at 2:00 P. M.

The Commission reconvened at 2:00 P. M., all members present except Commissioner Mansfield.

Mr. A. O. Rogers of Navajo County appeared before the Commission and presented a petition asking the reconsidering of the discharge of L. E. Bates, A. O. Rogers, W. A. Morris, and John M. Rogers. The petition was filed with the Secretary.

The State Engineer presented a co-operative agreement between the Arizona State Highway Department, State Highway Commission, and the Secretary of the United States Department of Agriculture and the Board of Supervisors, County of Yavapai, Arizona, on Clarkdale-Globe, Project No. 9-C, concerning construction of bridges Camp Verde and Clear Creek and connecting road. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Trengove, seconded by Commissioner Hart, and carried, that the State Engineer be empowered to enter into this agreement.

Chairman Addams asked Vice-Chairman Hart to take the chair. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the State Engineer be instructed to provide traps in either Yuma or Maricopa counties to check the speed of trucks and to do so at once.State Engineer recommended that contract on the Holbrook-Winslow Highway, F. A. P. No. 40-B and C, be awarded to the low bidder, W. E. Callahan Construction Company, Dallas, Texas, stating they had qualified and were responsible bidders. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Barth, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and unanimously carried that the recommendation of the State Engineer be approved, and the contract on the Holbrook-Winslow Highway, F. A. P. No. 40-B and C, be awarded to the low bidder, W. E. Callahan Construction Company, 708 Kerby Building, Dallas, Texas, in the amount of $48,503.85.

The Secretary read a notation of the visit of W. G. Hartranft appearing before Chairman Addams concerning a proposed grant of land to the State of Arizona in Papago Park which, Mr. Hartranft stated, had been offered to thestate and on which no action had been taken. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Addams, seconded by Commissioner Trengove and carried that the State Engineer be instructed to work with the Attorney General to save this proposed grant of land in Papago Park to the State of Arizona and the Secretary was instructed to write Mr. Hartranft for plans.

A communication was read by the Secretary from the Western Association of State Highway Officials stating the annual convention of the Western Association of State Officials would be held at the St. Francis Hotel, San Francisco, California on July 10th and 11th. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Barth, seconded by Commissioner Hart and carried that one member of the Commission and the State Engineer attend the annual convention of the Western Association of Highway Officials.

Mr. Hassler, Representative of Ralph Pleasant, Contractor on Project 94-E, appeared before the Commission and reported that they had some difficulty with the Mineral Aggregate plant, that they were prepared to ship their Aggregate to the project from Phoenix and would assure the commission they would be able to finish their project on time.

A communication was read from the Northern Yuma County Chamber of Commerce, J. D. Mathews, President, concerning a bridge at Parker in connection with House Bill 91. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the Secretary write the Northern Yuma County Chamber of Commerce there was no money available for this work at the present time.

A petition was read by the Secretary which had been sent to the Governor by Julius Becker concerning the Showlow-Springerville road. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Bart, seconded To protect your life and property.

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By Commissioner Hart and carried that the petition be filed.

The Secretary read petition from Citizens of Superior urging the straightening of Highway 180 through the Town of Superior. It was regularly moved by Commissioner Hart, seconded by Commissioner Barth and carried that the petition be filed.

A letter was read from the State Engineer and District Engineer R. C. Perkins giving the Town of Glendale permission to remove the "Stop" and "Go" pedestal from the center of the highway, as per the request of the delegation of Glendale Citizens.

It was regularly moved and carried, that the Commission meet on June 30, at 10:00 A. M.

RIGHT-OF-WAY DIVISION

By IRA W. WAGNON The second step in the process of highway construction is the acquisition of the necessary rights-of-way. The right-of-way division of the Arizona highway department is maintained for this special purpose, and its personnel is composed of men specialized in this important class of work. Usually before the plans of the proposed highways are completed, a small scale map is made up showing legal subdivsions of the land traversed by the survey of the center line of such road. This map is sent to the right-of-way divsion with the instructions to acquire any and all rights of way that may be needed for or during the construction of the proposed road. With the right-of-way map as a guide, some member of this division sets out to determine the ownership of each and every parcel of land which will be needed or affected by the proposed highway and all right, title, and every variety and degree of interest in such lands which the owner or claimant may assert. This is often a tedious and difficult task.

Then comes the problem of determin-ing a fair and just compensation to the owner for both the land actually taken as well as the damage to his remaining premises. Often the owner, or party in possession, makes strenuous objections to the location of the highway and to its peculiar relation to his property and de-mands a sum of money in compensation far in excess of his real loss or damage. This is more particularly true where the owner places upon his property an ima-ginary or sentimental value and demands speculative or prospective damages. Not-withstanding all such difficulties, the state is more or less fortunate in mak-ing settlement with the owner without recourse to the courts.

During the past fiscal year the right-of-way division of the Arizona highway department provided the right-of-way for approximately 1,000 miles of improved highways comprising about 15,000 acres of land, including the land taken and used as a source of material for highway construction. It was necessary to com-mence proceeding under the statutes of eminent domain in only twenty-eight cases to obtain the rights-of-way re-quired. The total area involved in all the combined cases was less than one hun-dred acres.

Together with discharging the duty of acquiring rights-of-way, this division has negotiated with the railroad companies of the state contracts relating to and providing for seven grade separations by means of overpasses; investigated every claim for damage made against the highway department by property owners; obtained camp sites for highway maintenance crews; and made a complete survey and inventory of all real property held by the Arizona highway department and by the various counties for the use of the state.

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Bureau of Public Roads Projects

C. G. Willis & Sons have the grading of Forest Highway-Oak Creek Hill Section 7-C. The project begins at the top of the Oak Creek Canyon-13 miles south of Flagstaff and extends to the bottom of the hill, a length of 2.8 miles. Estimated cost of construction is $186,000 and project is now 55 per cent complete. E. J. McCracken, Resident Engineer.

Lord & Bishop completed on June 20th, the contract for oil surfacing 18.5 miles of the Grand View-Desert View Section of the Grand Canyon National Park, Route 1, beginning at Grapevine Canyon, 10 miles east of Grand Canyon Village, extending 15.2 miles east to Desert View and including 3.3 miles of spurs. Cost of this project was $140,000. V. G. Watson, Resident Engineer.

Jasper Stack Company has the contract for grading the 8.4 miles of Section B, Houserock Canyon National Forest Highway, Kaibab National Forest, Coconino County, Arizona, at an estimated cost of $162,000. W. J. Nelson, Resident Engineer.

Lord & Bishop have the contract for oil surfacing 26 miles of the Grand Canyon Route 3 from Bright Angel Point to Cape Royal, at an estimated cost of $285,000. This project is located on the North Rim of the Grand Canyon National Park and in Coconio County. Project when closed down October 29th for the winter was 40 per cent complete. Work was resumed June 10th. W. J. Nelson, Resident Engineer.

Portions of Sections "A" and "C" of the Payson-Holbrook Forest Highway Route 11 are under Betterment and Improvement work by day labor. Portions to be so improved total ten miles in length and will cost approximately $12,000 J. W. Chason, Resident Engineer.

Henry Galbraith has the contract for the grading of Project 7-D, Upper Canyon Section of the Oak Creek Forest Highway. The project begins at the foot of the Oak Creek Hill, adjoining the Willis contract, and extends down the Canyon to the "Call of the Canyon" resort. The length of the project is 2.9 miles and the total estimate of cost is $73,000. Project is 65 per cent completed. E. J. McCracken, Resident Engineer.

Harry Hagen has the contract for the grading of 4.3 miles of Section 2-D, Swift Trail Major Forest Development Road, in Crook National Forest, Graham County. The total estimated cost is $57,000 and L. G. Watters is the Resident Engineer. Contract time started April 20th and project is now 50 per cent completed.

Jack Sasson has the contract for the surfacing by the plant mix method of 28 miles, Section "A" and "B", of the Grand Canyon-South Approach Road in Coconino County. Total estimated cost of construction is $160,000. W. G. Watson, Resident Engineer. Project is now 25 per cent completed.

Bids were opened June 2 for the grad ing and draining of 16 miles through the Petrified Forest National Monument in Apache and Navajo Counties. Estimated cost of Construction is $115,000. Everly and Allison of Des Moines, New Mexico were low bidders. Award of the contract has been made and contract time started June 17. No work has been done to date. E. F. Strickler, Resident Engineer.

Bids were opened June 2 for the construction of the Rio Puerco and Dry Creek Bridges in the Petrified Forest National Monument. Estimated cost of construction is $155,000. Award of the contract to W. E. Callahan Construction Co. of Dallas, Texas has been made and contract time started June 17. No work has been done to date.

Hodgman and MacVicar were awarded the contract for the grading and drainage of 20 miles of the Pine-Winslow Forest Highway Route 10, beginning approximately seven miles north of Clint's Well and extending to the North Forest Boundary 30 miles southwest of Winslow. Contract time began June 27th but no work has been done to date. Estimated cost of project $112,000. C. R. Dalton, Resident Engineer.

Jesse DeWitt has the contract for grading 1.2 miles (Units 2 & 3) of the PayStetson Hats Arrow Shirts Vassar Underwear Crossett Shoes Johnston & Murphy Shoes Luxite Hose, Men's and Women's Hart Schaffner & Marx Clothes Vic Hanny Co.

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Son-Holbrook Highway. Projects begin 1½ mile southwest of Heber in Navajo County and extend towards Holbrook. No work done to date. Estimated cost, $2,600. J. W. Chason, Resident Engi-

Surveys

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Chiricahua National Monument Survey, Forest Highway Route 32 in Cochise County. Estimated length 12 miles. Survey began February 23. F. H. Horton, Locating Engineer. Work will be completed about July 15th.

Clear and Beaver Creek Bridges, Forest Highway Route 9. Approximately 12 miles in length, a portion of the Clark-dale-Globe Highway including bridge sites. Survey began May 2. J. H. Bran-nan, Locating Engineer.

Strawberry Hill Survey, a portion of Pine-Winslow Forest Highway Route 11. Approximately 8 miles in length. Survey began June 10. J. H. Brennan, Locat-ing Engineer.

(Continued from Page Sixteen) developed for replacement of dips where wide plat washes are crossed on a low grade line. In such locations it would be expensive to develop headroom for a bridge. Many advantages are obtained in using multiple span culverts with low grade lines such as reduce grading quan-tities, full width roadway, and less dam-ming action on stream flow due to the old practice of trying to force the wa-ter through a high narrow opening.

The cost of these structures is approximately $100 per linear foot of open-ing, which compared with the usual bridge cost of $125 to $150 per linear foot opening shows considerable saving where this type is suitable The suitability is de-termined by the amount of drift which the stream carries and the nature of the stream flow. These culverts are designed with and without floors and to carry fills up to seven feet in height, making them practically a universal type to be safely used in all ordinary conditions.

Uniformity of Design

By careful selection of standards for any one project it is possible to maintain a uniformity of structure on the project with a resulting economy in construction which has been favorably reflected in the bid prices for structures on our projects. Such items as development of unit forms and standardization of field practice have been made possible to the contractors by the uniformity of design. Unit bids for concrete on projects involving only these standard uniform type of structures, have been as low as $18 per cubic yard of concrete in place.

Emergency Program Speeded Up

In the recent emergency program when the department was faced with the problem of turning out a vast amount of work in a short space of time the standard plans made possible the completion of this work on schedule with only a small increase in working force.

Twenty-nine projects to complete and get under contract in less than three months was a large order for a small bridge department to accomplish. Much time was saved in having available the standard plans which had previously been checked and approved by the Bureau of Public Roads. The program was completed on schedule and is now under construction to relieve the unemployment situation.

In addition to the preparation of designs and plans the department supplies an accurate estimate of quantities to the estimating department for all structures. It is difficult to arrive at any basis of percentage of operation cost except through an estimate based on the quantities of material and the average unit bid prices received.

The summary of the past year's work gives the following results:

Structures Over 20-Foot Span

528 cu. yds Class AA Concrete at ....60 $ 31,680

at .7% 78,375

5,128 cu. yds. Stone Masonry at $10 51,280

Total $1,265,515

Structures Under 20-Foot Span (Not including pipe culverts) 11,890 cu. yds. Class A Concrete at $20 $237,800.00

906,000 lbs. Reinforced Steel at .06 54,360.00

Total Structures $292,160.00 $1,557,675.00 Plus Engineering and Contin-gencies 155,767.50

Grand Total ..$1,713,442.50

The above figure, almost one and three quarter millions, is only an approximate figure and is given only for a basis for determining the probable percentage of operation cost.

Operation Cost

The cost of operation of the department for the fiscal year July 1st, 1930, to June 30th, 1931, is given by the accounting division as $19,911.98 total, of which $18,444.17 was charged to the various projects for work done, leaving a net overhead cost of $1,467.81.

Based on the above estimated value of work to be done under the plans and total cost of operation, the percentage of operation cost is 1.15 per cent and the overhead less than one-tenth of one per cent.

Based on the total budget for the year's construction of approximately five and one-half million dollars the operating cost of the bridge department is 0.36 per cent of the total cost of the work done.

36,800 cu. yds. Class A Concrete at ....22 800,800

3,610 cu. yds. Class B Concrete at $20 72,200

3,853,000 lbs. Reinforced Steel at .06 231,180

1,045,000 lbs. Structure Steel

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